Ndeapi manyuko emutemo anotonga mutemo muZimbabwe?

Mutemo weZimbabwe unobva paBumbiro remitemo, Mitemo yeParamende, common law yeRoman-Dutch nemutemo wetsika unozivikanwa. Panobva mutemo unoshandiswa zvinoenderana nenyaya nezvakaitika.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yemutemo muZimbabwe inobata chikumbiro chemuhoro usina kubhadharwa?

Chikumbiro chemuhoro usina kubhadharwa chinowanzova pasi pemutemo webasa nokuti chine chekuita neukama hwebasa. Labour Act, mitemo yezvikamu zvemabasa, zvibvumirano zvemubatanidzwa zvevashandi uye, kune vamwe vashandi vehurumende, Public Service Act, zvingasarudza nzira inofanira kuteverwa.

Ndechipi chiremera chinobata nyaya yokupinda nokugara muZimbabwe?

Department of Immigration nezvimwe zviremera zvenyika zvinoongorora nyaya dzokupinda nokugara munyika pasi pemitemo inoshanda. Nzira yakarurama inoenderana nokuti nyaya iri pamusoro pokupinda, vhiza, basa, kudzidza, kugara, kuchengetedzwa kana kuva mugari wenyika.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yemutemo inobata chigadzirwa chakaremara chakatengwa muZimbabwe?

Chigadzirwa chakaremara chakatengwa kubva kumutengesi wezvokutengeserana kana mupi webasa ane hunyanzvi chinowanzova pasi pemutemo wedziviriro yevatengi. Zvichienderana nemamiriro acho, chichemo chinogona kuendeswa kuConsumer Protection Commission, Consumer Council of Zimbabwe kana kumutongi wechikamu ane chekuita nacho.

Mutemo muZimbabwe

Mutemo muZimbabwe unoronga hukama pakati pevanhu, masangano, vashandirwi, zviremera zvehurumende nehurumende pachayo. Unobatanidza Bumbiro remitemo, Mitemo yeParamende, common law yeRoman-Dutch—tsika yemutemo yakaumbwa nemutemo weRoma neweDutch pamwe nesarudzo dzakazotevera dzematare—nemutemo wetsika unozivikanwa. Nzvimbo huru dzawo dzinoshanda dzinosanganisira basa, kupinda nokugara munyika, mhosva, kutengeserana nevatengi nemakakatanwa ega ega.

Tip

Tanga waona nzvimbo yemutemo inonyatsoenderana nedambudziko chairo, nokuti mitemo inoshanda, sangano rine basa nemhinduro dziripo zvinogona kuchinja zvichienderana nechikamu ichocho. Bata nyaya dzebasa, dzokupinda nokugara munyika, dzemhosva, dzevatengi nedemakakatanwa ega ega sedzakasiyana, kunze kwekunge chokwadi chichiratidza kuti dzinopindirana. Chengeta zvinyorwa zvine mazuva ezvakaitika, magwaro nekutaurirana kuti sangano rine basa kana chipangamazano wezvemutemo aongorore nyaya yacho nemazvo.

vanyori:Kudzai&Takudzwa

Mutemo webasa

Mutemo webasa weZimbabwe unotonga basa rinoitwa pasi pemushandirwi, kusanganisira zvibvumirano, mubhadharo, maawa, zororo, kuchengeteka, kumiririrwa, kusawirirana nekugumiswa. Hwaro hukuru iConstitution section 65 neLabour Act [Chapter 28:01], pamwe neLabour Amendment Act 11/2023, mitemo yezvikamu nezvibvumirano zvevashandi zvakanyoreswa. Vashandi vehurumende vanowanzotevera Public Service Act; mauto nemamwe mapoka ehurumende ari kunze kwemitemo iyi.

Kutamira

Mutemo wokupinda nokugara kune dzimwe nyika muZimbabwe unodzora kupinda munyika, mavhiza, kugara semushanyi, basa, kudzidza, kugara nemhuri, dziviriro, kugara zvachose uye kuva mugari wenyika. Department of Immigration nedzimwe hurumende zvinoongorora zvikumbiro zvichienderana neImmigration Act, Immigration Regulations neRefugees Act. Kuva mushanyi hakubvumiri kushanda kana kuita kuti munhu ave nekodzero yokugara zvachose.

Mhosva

Mutemo wemhosva weZimbabwe unotsanangura mhosva, mutoro wemhosva, kuferefeta, kutongwa kwenyaya nemirango. Unodzivirira vanopomerwa mhosva kuburikidza nekutora munhu seasina mhosva kusvika zvaratidzwa, kodzero dzekutongwa zvakanaka, kuwana mazano emutemo uye rusununguko kubva pakuvharirwa zvisiri pamutemo. Unopawo maitiro evanenge vakuvadzwa, vana, mhosva dzemumugwagwa nedzedhijitari.

Vatengi

Kuchengetedzwa kwevatengi muZimbabwe kunodzivirira vatengi pavanotenga zvinhu, kushandisa mabasa, kusaina zvibvumirano kana kupiwa zvipo zvemagetsi nevatengesi vebhizinesi kana nyanzvi. Consumer Protection Act 2019 inopa kodzero yezvinhu nemabasa zvakachengeteka uye zvakakodzera, mashoko akajeka, mutengo wakarurama, kuvanzika, zvibvumirano zvakaenzana uye kugadziriswa kwezvinhu zvakaremara kana maitiro asina kururama. Consumer Protection Commission, Consumer Council of Zimbabwe nemasangano anodzora mabasa anotarisira zvichemo zvichienderana nenyaya nemupi webasa.

Mutemo

Mutemo wehurumende muZimbabwe unotonga hukama hwepachivande hwevanhu, masangano nepfuma. Hurongwa hunobatanidza Bumbiro, Acts of Parliament, Roman-Dutch common law nemutemo wetsika unozivikanwa pane kuva neCivil Code imwe chete. Unobata zvibvumirano, pfuma, nyaya dzemhuri, nhaka, mutoro wehurumende, nzira dzematare nokutevedzera mitongo.

Mitemo nezviremera zvakasiyana zvinoshanda zvichienderana nenyaya. Mutemo webasa unobata zvibvumirano zvebasa, mihoro, nguva yokushanda, zororo, kuchengeteka pabasa, kumiririrwa kwevashandi, makakatanwa nekugumiswa kwebasa. Labour Act [Chapter 28:01], Labour Amendment Act 11/2023, mitemo yezvikamu zvemabasa nezvibvumirano zvemubatanidzwa zvevashandi zvakanyoreswa ndizvo zvinoumba hwaro hukuru hwevashandi vakawanda. Vashandi vehurumende vanowanzotevera Public Service Act, nepo mauto ane mitemo yawo nemamwe mapoka ehurumende angasava pasi pehurongwa ihwohwo. Mutemo wokupinda nokugara munyika unoronga kupinda, mavhiza, kugara semushanyi, kushanda, kudzidza, kugara nemhuri, kuchengetedzwa, kugara zvachose uye kuva mugari wenyika. Department of Immigration nezvimwe zviremera zvenyika zvinoongorora zvikumbiro pasi peImmigration Act, Immigration Regulations neRefugees Act. Kuva nemvumo yokushanya pachako hakubvumidzi kushanda kana kupa kodzero yokugara zvachose. Mutemo wemhosva unotsanangura zviito zvinonzi mhosva, unotara mitemo yokuongorora nematare uye unopa zvirango. Vanopomerwa mhosva vane dziviriro dzakadai sokufungidzirwa kuti havana mhosva kusvikira yatsigirwa, kodzero dzokutongwa zvakarurama, kuwana mazano epamutemo uye kudzivirirwa pakusungwa zvisiri pamutemo. Mitemo yakasiyana inogona kushanda kune vanenge vakuvadzwa, vana, mhosva dzemumugwagwa nemhosva dzemadhijitari. Dziviriro yevatengi inoshanda kana vatengi vari vanhu vega vachitenga zvinhu, vachishandisa mabasa, vachisaina zvibvumirano kana kugamuchira zvinopiwa zvemadhijitari kubva kune vatengesi vezvokutengeserana kana vanopa mabasa vane hunyanzvi. Consumer Protection Act 2019 inobata kuchengeteka kwezvinhu, kukodzera kwezvinhu nemabasa, ruzivo rwakajeka, kukosha kwakaringana nemari, kuvanzika, mitemo yakarurama yezvibvumirano uye nzira dzokugadzirisa dambudziko rezvinhu zvakaremara kana maitiro asina kururama. Zvichemo zvinogona kuendeswa kuConsumer Protection Commission, Consumer Council of Zimbabwe kana kumutongi wechikamu, zvichienderana nemupi webasa nenyaya yacho. Mutemo wehurumende unobata hukama hwepachivande hunosanganisira vanhu, masangano nepfuma. Unosanganisira zvibvumirano, pfuma, nyaya dzemhuri, nhaka, mhosva yokukuvadza mumutemo, mafambiro ematare nekutevedzwa kwemitemo. Kusawirirana pamusoro pechibvumirano kana pfuma kunowanzova nyaya yemutemo wehurumende; mihoro isina kubhadharwa, dambudziko revhiza, mhosva inonzi yakaitwa kana kutenga chinhu chakaremara zvingada mutemo chaiwo webasa, wokupinda nokugara munyika, wemhosva kana wedziviriro yevatengi.