I-United Kingdom iyintando yeningi yasephalamende (parliamentary democracy) kanye nobukhosi obungokomthethosisekelo (constitutional monarchy). Umbusi uyinhloko yezwe, kanti osopolitiki abakhethiweyo benza izinqumo eziningi zezombusazwe futhi ongqongqoshe baqhuba uhulumeni. Umthethosisekelo wase-United Kingdom awuqukethwe kudokhumenti eyodwa ebhaliwe. Imithetho yawo ivela emthethweni, ezinqumweni zezinkantolo, emasikweni asunguliwe, nasemibhalweni ebalulekile eyathuthukiswa emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. IPhalamende lase-United Kingdom e-Westminster liqukethe iNdlu yabaMeli (House of Commons), iNdlu Yamakhosi (House of Lords), kanye noMqhele (Crown). INdlu yabaMeli ekhethwayo iyigumbi eliyinhloko lezombusazwe, kanti iNdlu Yamakhosi ihlola imithetho ehlongozwayo futhi icela uhulumeni ukuba uphinde acabange ngemininingwane. Uhulumeni ngokuvamile udinga ukwethenjwa yiNdlu yabaMeli. UNdunankulu (Prime Minister) uhola uhulumeni, ukhetha ongqongqoshe, futhi uhlanganisa inqubomgomo, kanti ongqongqoshe banesibopho seminyango futhi baphendula ePhalamende. Amaqembu ezombusazwe ahlanganisa abantu ngemibono ababelana ngayo futhi ancintisana ngegunya. Uhulumeni uphakamisa izinqubomgomo, kanti amaqembu aphikisayo abuza ongqongqoshe, anikeza ezinye izindlela, futhi afuna ukufaka uhulumeni esikhundleni okhethweni oluzayo. Amanye amandla adluliselwe ezikhungweni zaseScotland, eWales, naseNyakatho ye-Ireland ngokusebenzisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla ezifundeni (devolution). Imithwalo yazo yemfanelo iyahlukahluka, futhi i-Westminster isalokhu inesibopho sezindaba ezigcinelwe izinga likazwelonke ezisebenza kuyo yonke noma kwezinye izingxenye ze-United Kingdom. Imikhandlu yendawo ilawula izinsizakalo ezibalulekile futhi yenza izinqumo zezindawo zayo. Isakhiwo sayo esiqondile kanye nemithwalo yayo yemfanelo kuyahlukahluka eNgilandi, eScotland, eWales, naseNyakatho ye-Ireland. Ezombusazwe zenzeka futhi ngaphandle kwezikhungo ezikhethiwe. Izinyunyana zabasebenzi, izinhlangano ezisiza umphakathi, amabhizinisi, amaqembu emikhankaso, izintatheli, ochwepheshe, kanye nabahlali ngabanye bazama ukulolonga ingxoxo yomphakathi nezinqumo ezisemthethweni. Uhlelo luvumela izinguquko ezinokuthula kuhulumeni, ukuhlolwa komphakathi, nokumelwa kwemibono ehlukene. Imikhawulo yalo ihlanganisa ithonya elingalingani, ukulawula okuqinile kwamaqembu, ukwehlukana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwemithwalo yemfanelo, nokungavumelani ngokuthi amavoti aguqulwa kanjani ngokulunga abe yithonya lezombusazwe.
Ezombusazwe e-United Kingdom
Ezombusazwe e-United Kingdom zinquma ukuthi amandla omphakathi atholwa, asetshenziswa futhi aphonswa kanjani inselelo. Zisebenza ngePhalamende, uhulumeni, ukhetho, amaqembu ezombusazwe, izinkantolo, izikhungo ezidluliselwe amandla, kanye nemikhandlu yendawo. Abantu bangazithonya ngokuvota, ngokuxhumana nabameleli, ngokujoyina imikhankaso, nangokubamba iqhaza engxoxweni yomphakathi.
Tip
Qala ngomzimba womphakathi onesibopho sendaba ekuthintayo, ngoba amandla ahlukaniswe phakathi kwezikhungo ezisebenza kuyo yonke i-United Kingdom, ezidluliselwe amandla ezifundeni, nezendawo. Sebenzisa iziteshi zokuxhumana ezisemthethweni, yenza isicelo sakho sicace, futhi ugcine amakhophi ezimpendulo. Ukuvota kubalulekile, kodwa ukuxhumana okuvamile nokunolwazi nabameleli kungaphinde kube nomthelela emsebenzini wezombusazwe.