Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Tarayyar Jamhuriyar Najeriya (Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria) shi ne tushen cibiyoyin gwamnati, hakkoki da rabon iko. Dokokin da majalisa ta kafa da ƙa’idoji suna ƙara cikakkun tanade-tanade, yayin da kotuna ke fassara su kuma su yi amfani da su. Dokar al’ada tana aiki a wuraren da aka amince da su, kuma shari’ar Musulunci na iya aiki a wasu al’amura da yankuna bisa tsarin kundin tsarin mulkin Najeriya. Dokar aiki ta shafi kwangilolin aiki, albashi, tsaron wurin aiki, hutu, korar ma’aikaci da ƙungiyoyin kwadago. Dokar shige da fice tana tafiyar da shiga ƙasa, zama, karatu, aiki da fita daga ƙasa, yayin da Sabis ɗin Shige da Fice na Najeriya (Nigeria Immigration Service) ke kula da muhimman ayyukan shige da fice. Dokar manyan laifuka tana bayyana laifuka kuma tana tsara bincike, gurfanarwa, beli, shaidu da hukunci; Dokar Manyan Laifuka (Criminal Code), Dokar Hukunci (Penal Code) da wasu dokokin tarayya ko na jihohi na iya aiki gwargwadon al’amarin da wurin da ya faru. Kare masu amfani ya shafi kaya da ayyuka marasa aminci ko masu yaudara, rashin adalci ga masu amfani, matsalolin gasa da mafita da ake da su. Hukumar Tarayya ta Gasa da Kare Masu Amfani (Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission) tana aiki tare da hukumomin kula da fannoni daban-daban da hukumomin ma’auni. Dokar farar hula tana tafiyar da rikice-rikicen masu zaman kansu da suka shafi kwangiloli, kuɗi, dukiya, masu gida da ’yan haya, rauni, al’amuran iyali da gado. Yanayi guda na iya shafar fiye da fanni ɗaya. Raunin da ya faru a wurin aiki na iya jawo tambayoyin dokar aiki, dokar farar hula da dokar manyan laifuka, yayin da rikici da ya shafi ma’aikacin ƙasashen waje na iya haɗa dokar shige da fice da dokar aiki. Hukumar da ke da alhaki, kotu, hanya da mafitar da ake da su sun dogara da batun, ɓangarorin, jiha, takardun da suka dace da kuma ko ikon tarayya ya shafi lamarin. Kwangilolin da aka rubuta, sanarwar hukuma, bayanan biyan kuɗi, takardun shaida da wasiƙun sadarwa sukan ƙayyade yadda ya kamata a tantance batun.
Doka a Najeriya
Doka a Najeriya ita ce tsarin ƙa’idojin kundin tsarin mulki, dokoki, ƙa’idoji da hukuncin kotuna da ke tafiyar da ikon hukumomin gwamnati da alaƙar ɓangarori masu zaman kansu. Muhimman fannoni na aikace-aikace sun haɗa da dokar aiki, dokar shige da fice, dokar manyan laifuka, kare masu amfani da dokar farar hula. Dokokin tarayya da na jihohi, dokar al’ada, da kuma a wasu al’amura shari’ar Musulunci na iya shafar dokar da ta dace, hukuma, kotu da mafitar da doka ta tanada.
Tip
Ka ɗauki batun doka a Najeriya a matsayin tambayar rarrabawa da ikon shari’a kafin zaɓar hukuma ko hanya. Rubuta abin da ya faru, ɓangarorin, jiha, takardu da alaƙar lamarin da aiki, shige da fice, zargin laifi, saye ko sabis, ko kuma da’awar mai zaman kanta. Idan fannoni sun haɗu ko dokokin tarayya da na jihohi na iya bambanta, nemi shawarar da ta dace da takamaiman lamarin.