Zaɓe a Nijar

Ya zuwa 11 Satumba 2026, ba a gano ranar zaɓen shugaban ƙasa, majalisa, yanki, ƙaramar hukuma ko ƙuri’ar raba gardama a hukumance cikin shafukan shugaban ƙasa da gwamnati da aka duba ba. Abdourahamane Tiani yana da lakabin Président de la République ta hanyar naɗi, ba zaɓe ba. Tsarin mika mulki ya tanadi watanni 60 daga 26 Maris 2025, tare da yiwuwar sauye-sauye masu alaƙa da yanayin tsaro, aikin sake gina tsarin ƙasa da ajandar Alliance of Sahel States. Mika mulki ya kuma canza tushen hukumomin da za su kula da zaɓe. An dakatar da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 2010 a 28 Yuli 2023 kuma an rushe tsoffin hukumomi. Ordonnance n° 2025-06 na 26 Maris 2025 ta rushe dukkan jam’iyyun siyasa. Ba a kafa sabon tsarin jam’iyya da zaɓe ba bisa bayanan da ake da su. Conseil consultatif de la Refondation (CCR) tana da mambobi 194 da aka naɗa, maza 156 da mata 38. Hukumar ba ta zartar da doka; saboda haka ba madadin zaɓaɓɓiyar majalisa ba ce. A ƙarƙashin tsohon tsari, Commission électorale nationale indépendante (CENI) ce ta shirya, gudanar da sa ido kan zaɓe, kuma ta sanar da sakamakon wucin gadi. Cour constitutionnelle, kotun kundin tsarin mulkin Nijar, ta tabbatar da sakamakon ƙarshe kuma ta saurari sabanin zaɓe. Conseil supérieur de la communication (CSC) ce ta sa ido kan yada labarai game da zaɓe. Shafin gwamnati na yanzu ya lissafa hukumomin mika mulki takwas, amma bai lissafa tsohuwar CENI ko Cour constitutionnelle ba. Ba a tabbatar da wanda ya maye gurbin hukumomin gudanar da zaɓe ko sauraron shari’o’in zaɓe ba. Zagayen zaɓe na ƙarshe da aka kammala ya fara da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi a 13 Disamba 2020. Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da na majalisa sun biyo baya a 27 Disamba 2020, sannan aka yi zagaye na biyu na zaɓen shugaban ƙasa a 21 Fabrairu 2021. Rajistar masu zaɓe ta na’urar tantancewa ta ƙunshi masu zaɓe 7,446,556 a 2020. ’Yan takarar shugaban ƙasa 30 da jerin ’yan takarar majalisa 84 sun shiga wannan zagaye. Ba a cika kujerun ’yan ƙasashen waje biyar na majalisa mai kujeru 171 ba, don haka an cika kujeru 166. Tsohon tsarin shugaban ƙasa ya yi amfani da zaɓe kai tsaye na zagaye biyu da rinjayen ƙuri’u fiye da rabin. Wa’adin shugaban ƙasa shekaru biyar ne, kuma kundin tsarin mulki na 2010 ya iyakance shi zuwa wa’adi biyu. Tsohuwar majalisa ta ƙunshi kujeru 158 na wakilcin kaso da aka zaɓa a yankuna takwas ciki har da Niamey, kujeru takwas na mazabu guda ɗaya ga ƙananan kabilu na ƙasa da kujeru biyar na ’yan ƙasashen waje. An zaɓi majalisun yanki, ƙaramar hukuma da arrondissement kai tsaye ta hanyar jerin sunayen buɗe da wakilcin kaso bisa matsakaicin mafi girma, yawanci na shekaru biyar. A ƙarƙashin tsohon Electoral Code, ’yan ƙasar Nijar na kowane jinsi za su iya zaɓe daga shekara 18 a ranar zaɓe; yara da aka ba cikakken ikon manya ma suna cikin masu cancanta. Ƙasashen da suka zama ’yan ƙasa ta hanyar zama ɗan ƙasa da masu aure suna cikin masu cancanta, yayin da wasu hane-hane daga mukamin gwamnati ko zaɓaɓɓen matsayi ke ɗaukar shekaru biyar ko goma. Masu zaɓe suna rajista a mazabar da ta shafi wurin zama ko zama na ɗan lokaci, ba za su iya yin rajista fiye da sau ɗaya ba kuma dole a saka su cikin jerin masu zaɓe. ’Yan ƙasa da ke waje suna amfani da rajistar ofishin jakadanci ko na ofishin jakadancin ƙasa da jerin masu zaɓe na ƙasashen waje. Tsohon jadawalin rajista yana buɗewa kowace shekara daga 1 Satumba zuwa 31 Disamba. Dole ne a nuna jerin sunayen a bainar jama’a na aƙalla wata ɗaya kuma a rufe aƙalla watanni biyu kafin zaɓe na gama-gari. Electoral Code ya tanadi mafi ƙarancin lokacin sanarwa na kwanaki 90 ga zaɓen shugaban ƙasa, kwanaki 100 ga zaɓen majalisa, kwanaki 90 ga zaɓen yanki ko ƙaramar hukuma, da kwanaki 60 ga ƙuri’ar raba gardama. Waɗannan tsoffin wa’adin ba su kafa jadawalin yanzu ba tunda ba a sanar da zaɓe a hukumance ba. Zaɓe na da ’yanci, daidaito da sirri; zaɓen kai tsaye ko na wakilai ya danganta da irin zaɓen. A 2020, masu zaɓe yawanci suna nuna katin zaɓe na na’urar tantancewa, sannan a duba su cikin jerin masu zaɓe. Jami’ai yawanci suna yi wa babban yatsan hagu alamar tawada da ba ta gogewa. Ana iya neman taimako, kuma masu nakasa, tsofaffi, mata masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa yawanci suna samun fifiko. A cikin samfurin sa ido, tashoshin zaɓe 90% sun yi amfani da tsarin katin na’urar tantancewa da jerin sunaye; 72% sun dace da shiga, 28% kuma sun yi wahalar shiga. Akwatunan ƙuri’a suna bayyane kuma a rufe, kuma an ƙyale masu zaɓe da ke jira lokacin rufe tashar su kaɗa ƙuri’a. A baya ana fara ƙidaya nan take a tashar zaɓe kuma a bainar jama’a. Tawagar tashar mai mambobi ƙasa da biyar ce ke ƙidaya, sannan CENI ta tattara sakamako a matakin ƙaramar hukuma, gunduma da yanki, ta kuma sanar da sakamakon wucin gadi. Ana aika sakamakon zuwa Cour constitutionnelle cikin kwanaki biyar. Tsoffin wa’adin kotun sun kasance kwanaki 28 ga sakamakon shugaban ƙasa, kwanaki 30 ga sakamakon majalisa da kwanaki 15 ga sakamakon ƙuri’ar raba gardama. Ana kai ƙorafi da sabanin zaɓe gaban wannan kotu. A cikin samfurin sa ido na 2020, wakilan jam’iyya sun sami takardun sakamako a tashoshin zaɓe 90%, amma tashoshi 30% kaɗai suka nuna su a bainar jama’a. Ba a gano kuɗin zaɓe ba, amma ba za a iya tantance kuɗi da wa’adin zaɓe na gaba a halin yanzu ba.