In The Netherlands, an apprenticeship is usually part of MBO, which means middelbaar beroepsonderwijs. MBO prepares learners for practical jobs in areas such as care, technology, hospitality, business, and administration. MBO has different qualification levels. The level depends on the complexity of the work and the amount of responsibility, so a learner normally chooses a route that matches previous education and experience. The main work-based route is BBL, or beroepsbegeleidende leerweg. A BBL learner works at an approved company for much of the week and attends school or training for the remaining part. The school-based route is BOL, or beroepsopleidende leerweg. A BOL learner spends more time in school and completes practical placements, which are often called stages, at a company or organisation. A recognised workplace is important because practical training must support the learning goals of the qualification. The workplace often has an praktijkopleider, who guides the learner during daily work. The usual process includes choosing a field, checking the entry level, finding a suitable MBO programme, and arranging a placement or employment agreement. The programme ends with assessments of both practical skills and knowledge. A completed MBO qualification can lead directly to work or provide a route to a higher MBO level. Some learners later continue to higher professional education, called HBO, if they meet the entry requirements. The strengths of MBO are early work experience, practical learning, and a clear connection to occupations. The limits are that the chosen qualification can narrow the first job options and that finding a suitable approved workplace may take effort. Start by comparing occupations rather than only school names. Ask an MBO institution which previous certificates, language skills, documents, and workplace arrangements are needed for the chosen field.
Apprenticeship in Netherlands
Apprenticeship in The Netherlands is mainly organised through secondary vocational education called middelbaar beroepsonderwijs, or MBO. The work-based route is usually called BBL, while BOL combines school lessons with practical placements. This overview explains the main routes, daily practice, and first steps.
Tip
If you prefer learning by doing, compare BBL and BOL programmes in one or two occupations that interest you. Write down the qualification level, the balance between school and work, and the kind of workplace you would need. Then contact an MBO school and ask for an intake conversation.