Yiziphi izindlela zemfundo eqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa amakhono e-Eswatini ezisiza abantu abadala abashiya isikole kusenesikhathi?

ISebenta inikeza izifundo zokufunda nokubhala, isiNgisi, iNumeracy, i-NUPE namakhono asebenzayo, kanti iEmlalatini Development Centre inikeza ukufunda ngebanga kwe-JC ne-SGCSE. Izinhlelo zomphakathi, zasemsebenzini nezobuchwepheshe nemisebenzi yezandla zinikeza ezinye izindlela, kuye ngomhlinzeki nezifundo ezikhona.

Isisebenzi singaziqeda kanjani iziqu zesekondari ngemfundo eqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa amakhono e-Eswatini?

IEmlalatini Development Centre inikeza i-ODL ye-JC ne-SGCSE. I-JC ivame ukudinga okungenani iFomu 1, kanti i-SGCSE idinga ukuphasa iFomu 3; ukubhalisa kwenziwa mathupha, kudingeka ubufakazi beklasi lokugcina eliphothuliwe nokukhokha imali ebaliwe ngehhovisi lemali engenayo likahulumeni.

Yiziphi izimfuneko zokuthuthukisa amakhono asebenzayo nokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi ezisebenza e-Eswatini?

ISebenta inikeza izifundo zamakhono ezifana nokuthunga nemfashini, ukubaza izinkuni, ukwenza amabhulokhi nokwakha; ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kuhlanganisa inkontileka nomqashi, ithiyori nokufunda emsebenzini kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu. Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wezandla ngokuvamile kudinga iminyaka engu-18 noma ngaphezulu nesipiliyoni esifanele, kanti kuneminye imikhawulo yesitifiketi nesipiliyoni yamaBanga 3, 2 no-1.

Umuntu angaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi isitifiketi sokuthuthukisa amakhono siyamukelwa ngomsebenzi noma ukuqhubeka nezifundo e-Eswatini?

Hlola ukubhaliswa komhlinzeki noma ukubhaliswa kwesikhashana ku-ESHEC, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lugunyaziwe yini noma lubhalwe njengesifundo esifushane esinganikeli amakhredithi kodwa esigunyaziwe. Ukwamukelwa kwe-RPL yi-EQA kusathuthukiswa, futhi isitifiketi sesifundo esingahlelekile asinikezi ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuqashelwa kweziqu, ukwamukelwa noma ukubekwa emsebenzini.

Yiziphi izindleko nezithiyo zokubamba iqhaza ezithinta imfundo eqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa amakhono e-Eswatini?

Izimali zincike kumhlinzeki nasohlelweni; i-EDC ibala imali ekhokhwa ngehhovisi lemali engenayo likahulumeni, kanti iSebenta ingase ibe enye indlela eshibhile kunemfundo ehlelekile. Ezokuthutha, uxhumano, izinto zokufunda namandla alinganiselwe nakho kungaphazamisa ukufinyelela; abukho ubufakazi bohlelo olujwayelekile loxhaso noma lwelivu yemfundo.

Ukuthuthukisa amakhono e-Eswatini

Ukuthuthukisa amakhono e-Eswatini kuhlanganisa ukufunda okuhleliwe noma okuzilawulayo okuvuselela amakhono, okusekela ukushintsha umsebenzi noma okuthuthukisa amathuba okuthola umsebenzi. Izindlela zihlanganisa iSebenta National Institute, iEmlalatini Development Centre, imfundo yobuchwepheshe nemisebenzi yezandla, ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi, ukufunda ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini nezinhlelo zomphakathi. Izimali, izimfuneko zokungena, amashejuli nokwamukelwa kweziqu kuncike kumhlinzeki nasohlelweni, hhayi ohlelweni olulodwa lukazwelonke.

Tip

Khetha indlela yokufunda ngokomphumela owudingayo: imfundo eyisisekelo, isitifiketi sesekondari, ikhono elithile lomsebenzi, ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wezandla noma ukuqhubekela phambili emsebenzini. Qinisekisa izimfuneko zokungena, izindleko eziphelele, ishejuli nokwamukelwa ngaphambi kokukhokha, ngoba abahlinzeki nezitifiketi azilandeli uhlelo olulodwa lukazwelonke. Phatha i-RPL, izitifiketi ezingahlelekile namathuba okuqhubeka nezifundo njengokungaqinisekisiwe kuze kube isikhungo esifanele siyakwamukela.

ngababhali:Nokuthula&Sipho

Imfundo eqhubekayo e-Eswatini ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezikhungo eziningi. UMnyango Wezemfundo Nokuqeqeshwa (MoET) wengamela inqubomgomo nemisebenzi yekhwalithi yemfundo yabantu abadala nengahlelekile, ukufunda okuvulekile nokwebanga, ukuqeqeshwa kothisha abasemsebenzini, imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe nemisebenzi yezandla (TVET), nokugunyazwa kweziqu. Izikhungo Zemfundo Yasemaphandleni zisebenza ezifundeni ezine, kanti iSebenta National Institute iyibhizinisi likahulumeni elingaphansi kwe-MoET. Ayikho ingosi eyodwa kazwelonke noma uhlelo olulodwa lwezimali oluhlanganisa zonke izindlela zokuthuthukisa amakhono. ISebenta inikeza imfundo yesibili nokuqeqeshwa kwamakhono asebenzayo. I-Basic Literacy ngesiSwati ithatha izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye. I-Basic and Post-Basic English and Numeracy ivame ukuthatha iminyaka emibili ngemva kokuqeqeshwa kokufunda nokubhala noma ukuhlolwa kokungena. I-NUPE ingaholela eBangeni 7 elilingana ne-SPC bese kulandela iFomu 1. Izifundo zamakhono zihlanganisa ukuthunga nemfashini izinyanga eziyisithupha, ukubaza izinkuni izinyanga ezingu-12 nokwenza amabhulokhi nokwakha izinyanga ezingu-24. Izifundo ezisuselwa esidingweni somphakathi zingafaka amakhono edijithali, ibhizinisi, ukwakha, ezolimo nezamabhizinisi. Lezi zinhlelo zivulekele abantu abadala nentsha engasafundi; ezinye izikhungo zisebenzisa abafundisi bokuzithandela. IEmlalatini Development Centre inikeza ukufunda okuvulekile nokwebanga (ODL) kweJunior Certificate (JC) neSwaziland General Certificate of Secondary Education (SGCSE). Ukungena ku-JC ngokuvamile kudinga okungenani iFomu 1; ukungena ku-SGCSE kudinga ukuphasa iFomu 3. Ukubhalisa kwenziwa mathupha futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ubufakazi bekilasi lokugcina eliqediwe nokukhokha imali ebaliwe ngehhovisi lemali engenayo likahulumeni. Izincwadi zokufunda eziphrintiwe, izivivinyo, izivivinyo zokugcina, usizo lobuso nobuso nesifundo sokuhlala cishe isonto elilodwa okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kusiza abafundi abafunda ngesikhathi besebenza noma beneminye imisebenzi. Ngo-2026, i-ECOT ne-VOCTIM zanikeza izifundo zokuthuthukisa amakhono zezinyanga ezintathu ngoMgqibelo nezitifiketi emikhakheni efana nokupheka, ukuqwashisa ngokuvikeleka kwe-cyber, iMicrosoft Office, ukufaka izintambo ezimbonini nomsebenzi kagesi wezimoto. Ukufunda okusekelwe emsebenzini kuhlanganisa ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi, lapho umqashi nomfundi besayina inkontileka ehlanganisa ithiyori nokuqeqeshwa emsebenzini. Ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kungathatha iminyaka emihlanu kuphele ngesitifiketi sokuphothula. IDirectorate of Industrial and Vocational Training iphethe ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi nokuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yezandla. Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wezandla kuhlukile endleleni yemfundo ehlelekile nengahlelekile: ngokuvamile kudingeka umuntu abe neminyaka engu-18 noma ngaphezulu nolwazi olufanele; iBanga 3 lidinga iminyaka emithathu yomsebenzi, iBanga 2 isitifiketi seBanga 3 kanye nezinyanga ezingu-18, kanti iBanga 1 isitifiketi seBanga 2 neminyaka emibili nengxenye. Amanani ehora okuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi ashicilelwe angu-E9.86, E12.04, E14.47, E17.41 no-E20.42 eminyakeni yokuqala kuya kweyesihlanu ngokulandelana; qinisekisa inani lamanje ngaphambi kokusayina inkontileka. Imfundo ephakeme yesikhathi esithile, i-TVET yesikhathi esithile, ukufunda emsebenzini, ukufunda okuhlanganisiwe nezifundo zomphakathi kunikeza ezinye izindlela. I-Eswatini Higher Education Council (ESHEC) iphethe ukubhaliswa, ukugunyazwa nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kwezikhungo zemfundo ephakeme ne-TVET. I-Eswatini Qualifications Authority (EQA) iphethe i-Eswatini Qualifications Framework (ESQF) nokwamukelwa noma ukuqinisekiswa kokufunda. Ukuqaliswa kwe-ESQF kusaqhubeka, kanti izinqubomgomo neziqondiso ze-EQA zokwamukela ulwazi namakhono afundwe ngaphambilini (RPL) zazisathuthukiswa ngo-2023–24; ngakho akufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi ukufinyelela noma isimo se-RPL kuqinisekisiwe. Hlola ukuthi umhlinzeki ubhalisiwe yini noma ubhaliswe okwesikhashana nokuthi isifundo esifushane sigunyaziwe yini, ikakhulukazi uma isitifiketi sizosetshenziselwa umsebenzi noma ukuqhubeka nezifundo. Izitifiketi zezifundo ezingahlelekile azinikezi ngokuzenzakalelayo amalungelo okubekwa emsebenzini, ukuqashelwa kweziqu noma ukwamukelwa. Izimali ziyahlukahluka ngomhlinzeki nangohlelo. I-EDC ibala imali ekhokhwa ngehhovisi lemali engenayo likahulumeni, kanti iSebenta ingase inikeze enye indlela eshibhile kunemfundo ehlelekile. Izindleko zokuthutha, uxhumano lwe-inthanethi, izinto zokufunda namandla alinganiselwe ezikhungo kungaphazamisa ukubamba iqhaza. Ubufakazi obutholakalayo abuqinisekisi ilungelo elisemthethweni elivamile lemfundo eqhubekayo, uhlelo loxhaso olujwayelekile, ilivu yemfundo noma uhlelo lukazwelonke lwamaphuzu okuthuthukisa amakhono emsebenzini. Umfundi angathuthuka esuka ekufundeni nasekubhaleni aye esiNgisini neNumeracy, ku-NUPE, eBangeni 7 elilingana ne-SPC naseFomu 1; noma ku-JC noma ku-SGCSE aye ezivivinyweni namathuba okungena emfundweni ephakeme; noma ku-TVET nasekuhlolweni komsebenzi wezandla aye esitifiketini somsebenzi nasekuqashweni.