Law in Burkina Faso

Law in Burkina Faso sets rules for relationships between people, companies, workers, public authorities and institutions. Its main areas include labour law, immigration law, criminal law, consumer protection and civil law. The applicable rules, authority and procedure depend on the type of problem.

Tip

Classify the problem before choosing an authority or procedure in Burkina Faso. A correct classification prevents you from using a consumer channel for a civil dispute, treating an immigration document as work authorization, or overlooking a criminal aspect. Keep a clear record of the facts, relevant documents and requested outcome.

Labor law

The Labour Code regulates dependent work for remuneration in Burkina Faso. It covers contracts, working time, wages, protection, representation, disputes and termination. More than nine out of ten jobs are informal.

Immigration law

Burkina Faso’s immigration law regulates entry, visas, residence, work, study, family migration, protection, permanent residence, nationality, refusal and legal remedies. Loi n°001-2024/ALT of 22 February 2024, promulgated on 12 March 2024, replaced Ordonnance 84-049, while Décret n°2025-0288 of 13 March 2025 provides implementation rules. The Ministry of Security and its border-police and migration divisions handle ordinary migration matters, while other authorities handle diplomacy, nationality, residence cards and employment. A visa or residence permission does not automatically authorize employment, and regional movement, asylum and nationality follow separate conditions.

Right of residence

Criminal law

Criminal law in Burkina Faso defines offences, regulates investigations and trials, and determines the rights of suspects, accused persons, victims and convicted persons. The main legal bases are the Code pénal of 2018 and the Code de procédure pénale promulgated in 2025. Police, gendarmerie, prosecutors and criminal courts handle cases under rules that vary according to the offence and the circumstances.

Consumer protection

Consumer protection in Burkina Faso is based on general rules and sector-specific complaint channels. Loi n°016-2017/AN prohibits misleading advertising, counterfeit goods, tying sales and unjustified refusal to sell, while requiring relevant price, product and warranty information. The competent channel depends on whether the dispute concerns ordinary purchases, finance, telecommunications, energy, health products, travel or fraud.

Civil law

Civil law in Burkina Faso governs private relationships involving people, families, contracts, property, inheritance, liability, court proceedings and debt enforcement. The system combines national legislation, OHADA business rules and legally recognised traditional dispute resolution. Key authorities include civil-status offices, notaries, bailiffs, land administrations, the Tribunal de grande instance and higher courts.