Environmental questions in Benin fall into two closely connected areas. Nature concerns ecosystems, species, landscapes and protected places. The living environment concerns services and conditions around homes, workplaces, roads and public spaces. A damaged wetland, for example, can affect biodiversity and also increase flooding or reduce water quality. Conditions differ between coastal, urban, peri-urban and rural areas. Municipal services, drainage, waste collection, water access and exposure to flooding are not the same everywhere. Farming, fishing, livestock keeping, forest use and settlement growth can create both livelihoods and pressure on land, water and natural resources. Responsibilities are shared among municipalities, national ministries, environmental authorities, water and sanitation providers, waste companies and civil protection. The appropriate institution depends on the concern and its location. A report about household waste may concern the municipality or its service provider, while a protected-area, pollution or flood issue may require a national authority or civil-protection service. Nature protection also includes national parks, wetlands, biosphere reserves, forests, marine areas and other places with specific management rules.
Environment in Benin
Benin’s environment includes natural systems and the conditions in which people live and work. Coastlines, lagoons, wetlands, forests, savannas, rivers and protected areas interact with farming, fishing, livestock, settlements and tourism. Daily environmental conditions also depend on water and sanitation, drainage, waste collection, air quality, noise, green spaces and flood protection.
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