San Marino divides public responsibilities among the Capitani Reggenti, the 60-seat Consiglio Grande e Generale, the Congresso di Stato, courts and public administration. These institutions represent, make and apply public decisions within the country's legal order. The Capitani Reggenti serve as the heads of state, while the Consiglio Grande e Generale is elected through national elections and exercises central legislative responsibilities. The Congresso di Stato conducts executive work, and courts handle judicial matters. San Marino also provides direct-democracy instruments and public information channels through which citizens can participate in or follow political decisions. Local government operates through the nine Castelli, each with a Capitano and Giunta di Castello chosen in local elections. National politics therefore concerns the country's central institutions, while local politics addresses matters represented through the Castelli.
Politics in San Marino
Politics in San Marino is based on a sovereign parliamentary republic with representative institutions, courts and public administration. The system combines historical statutes, constitutional laws and the Declaration of Citizens' Rights and Fundamental Principles of the Sammarinese Legal Order. National and local elections, direct-democracy instruments and the institutions of the nine Castelli connect citizens with public decision-making.
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