Food in Central African Republic

Most food in the Central African Republic comes from small farms and local markets. Manioc is a national staple, while maize is especially important in central and southern areas. Northern areas rely more on millet and sorghum. Imports become more important when conflict, displacement or restricted access to fields and markets reduce local supply; some imported goods enter through river corridors from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. The rainy season usually lasts from about June to December and can isolate some areas. In 2026, maize planting in central and southern areas was completed by April, with harvesting expected from about August. In the north, millet and sorghum harvests were expected around October. Flooding creates particular risks in Basse-Kotto, Mbomou and Ouaka. These seasonal differences affect both availability and prices: imported rice was about 13% more expensive in May 2026 than a year earlier, while locally produced maize was up to about 8% cheaper. Food access differs greatly between households and regions. IPC estimates for April to August 2026 placed about 2.01 million people in category 3 or above, including about 262,000 people in category 4. Armed conflict, displacement, low agricultural production and limited access to fields and markets are major drivers. Food assistance is tied to programmes and vulnerability criteria; the available evidence does not establish a universal national entitlement to food. Local food culture includes feuilles de manioc, koko, ngoudja, gozo and mangbere. Gozo and mangbere are manioc-based accompaniments or sticks, and ngoudja is commonly served with gozo. Other documented foods include kanda, fried capitaine fish, ngou ti kassa, koko with meat and chouia prepared with beef, chicken or goat. The available evidence does not support a complete map of dishes by prefecture. Formal restaurants and nationwide meal prices or hygiene labels are also not documented reliably, so costs depend on place, ingredients, supply and the type of provider. The usual diet combines manioc or maize with peanuts, fish, meat and leafy vegetables. A shortage of varied foods can produce an unbalanced diet. The 2022 SMART survey recorded chronic malnutrition among children at about 37.9% and acute malnutrition at about 5.5%. Support can be available through ANJE groups, health centres, UNTA or UNT services, community health workers and specialised foods such as RUTF, depending on distance, security and programme coverage. Food safety is closely linked to safe water, hygiene and local health services. A single nationwide food-control authority and a complete national inspection system were not clearly established in the reviewed evidence. WHO treats food safety in crisis settings together with health and WASH measures; cholera risk is documented near the Ubangi border, with 716 cases and 45 deaths reported between 1 January and 26 July 2026. Agriculture and food policy involves bodies such as the Ministère de l’Agriculture et du Développement Rural, the Ministère de l’Élevage et de la Santé Animale and the Ministère de la Santé et de la Population. Current sustainability work includes the 2025–2029 PSMSAN and WFP support for smallholder markets, yields, value chains, post-harvest loss reduction and access to markets and finance. Climate hazards, flooding and conflict continue to affect production and distribution. The 2023 Compact for the Central African Republic on food and agriculture and the 2023–2030 National Gender and Climate Change Strategy provide additional policy frameworks, although detailed local sustainability data remain limited.